Sept 29, 2006: Lab

Announcements

[office hours posted on blackboard]

Paper #1 due next week in labs

Rubric is posted on blackboard?
-watch style and mechanics
--number pages and include a cover style
(2-3) pages

-Not a summary,
-draw from the forum and dallin h oaks' reading
-cite your sources
-can use 'i','you'
-follow rubric instructions

you may also talk about:
-being a citizen of our own country
-being a resident of the usa
-being a citizen of the usa

NOTES

The moral basis of the founding:
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
What does the textbook mean when it says moral?
we are talking about virtues.
a sense of what is right or wrong.

How does a country guard against corruption.
England has a monarchy- [\/\/\/]
Glorious revolution takes away monarchy's power, and gives it to parliament.
Now we have a greater ability for corruption to come in (because regular people are now in government).

Aristotle believed corruption is more likely to happen when power is in the hands of few, (as opposed to many).

Example:
Rock,Paper,Scissors to see who gets to divide the candy.
Andrew's self interest- make himself a bigger pile
Moses' self interest- pick the biggest pile

2 things prevent corruption-
-virtue AND structure (being implemented into society)

Virtuous people can still be influenced by others, so we need structure to prevent it.

definition in this lecture: virtue- not acting in self-interest

Solutions:
Structure-
-widespread sharing of power
-
Example in society (solutions):
-Checks and balances
-3 branches of government
-English Government System

435 people in the house of representatives
100 people in the senate

Legislative- congress (like parliament)
Executive- president and vice president
Judicial- judge system- interpreting the law

English System:
King, Judges
Parliament-
-house of lords, and
-house of commons

Virtue (also comes from england)
-Commonwealth Party(whigs) vs. Court Party
-Court Party aka Tories, Royalists

aka: also known as

Commonwealth Ideology
-To prevent corruption, needed to balance the centers of power with the "country party"
-Believed in economic independence and that being close to the land brough purity

virtue: being close to the land and close to the people, acting in the interest of the people

Sept 27, 2006

OUTLINE

American Heritage
English Sources of the Founding

Day 2: The Rule of Law

I. Natural Law
  A. Derives form moral law (inborn sense of right and wrong)
  B. Follows from natural rights
  C. Society's laws are process of discovering natural law

II. The Rule of Law
  A. Generality
  B. Prosperity
  C. Publicity
  D. Consent
  E. Due Process

III. Impact of Rule of Law principles on the Founding

LECTURE NOTES

MUSIC CLIP: "Your daughters and Your Sons," North Seas Gas

Paper #1 is due in Labs next week (friday)

Rule of Law

"End of law is not to abolish or restrain, but to preserve and enlarge freedom; for in all the states of created beings capable of laws, where there is no law, there is no freedom."
-John Locke

A set of principles that, if respected, ensure that laws protect natural rights.

In nations with the rule of tlaw, society's workings are predictable, stable and fair.

Natural Law___
If you assume you have a natural law to life, there ought to be a law to protect life

Examples of natural law
Code of Hammurabi
Magna Carta
Common Law
Law of Moses

5 Principles of the Rule of Law you need to know:

1. Generality
MEDIA CLIP: Malibu coastline, private beaches vs. public beaches

2. Prospectivity
MEDIA CLIP: Truck driver, paid penalties, then the penalties changed

3. Publicity
MEDIA CLIP: New York, should not put chains around trees, locked his bike to a tree

4. Consent
MEDIA CLIP: Iraqis voting, shi'ites, kurds, 14 milllion+ voters, 50-70% votership

5. Due Process
MEDIA CLiP: Chinese court system, police seize news camera, wang convicted of trying to overthrow the government by writing articles about democracy (15 years)

5 Principles of the Rule of Law you need to know:
1. Generality: laws must apply to people in general, not discriminate against individuals or groups
2. Prospectivity: Laws cannot be ex post facto: they cannot apply to actions that took place before the law was enacted
3. Publicity: Laws must be well known and consistently enforced
4. Consent: Those subject to the laws must give their consent to them, either directly, or through elected representatives
5. Due Process: The legal process must be impartial, regular, and well established to ensure fairness

Reading of Miranda rights "you have a right to a lawyer" a good example of due process

impact of Rule of Law principles of the Founding
Josiah Quincy quote (see slides)

MEDIA CLIP: Thomas Moore (A man for all ages)
Henry the 8th, abolished the catholic church and changed to the angelic church
The Rule of Law: Generality, it has to protect everyone
Moore would not arrest a man just for being dangerous, he would have to do something first.

Another example: Supreme Court case 20 years ago, an amendment to flag burning

Boston Masscre: snowballs thrown at british soldiers, killed 5 kids
John Adams defended the british soldiers as their lawyer, gave them due course even though he didn't like the british soldiers

Sept 26, 2006: Forum

Robert D. Putnam Bio

"In honor of Constitution Day, Robert D. Putnam, guest lecturer at Tuesday's Forum, Sept. 26, 2006, discussed the necessity of reconstructing the social connections between friends, families, neighbors and society. "full story [summary]

This Forum will be rebroadcast October 8, 2006 at 6:00am on KBYU-TV (too late for the paper)

2 copies of yesterday's forum available at LRC on the 4th floor of the HBLL

NOTES

Boston Celtics: Manager- Danny Ainge

Today Lets Solve the Mystery:
American institutions have historically enjoyed great esteem among americans.
They're proud of them.

but a survey was done:
"Would you say you can trust the government to do whats right most of the time?"
1960s yes 80%
2000s yes 19%

Not a steady decline. There was a peak, fall 2001 (aftermath sept 11)

We trusted the government more, after sept 11.

Our institutions/constitution hasn't changed over time. So what has cause the change?

Something else has caused the change... The major decline begins the very year I started to vote (so maybe I am the cause of this) (in the 1960s).



Research a few years ago:
botanist study plant growth- take 2 same seeds, plant in 2 pots of soil and water them differently, and see what makes the grow, what makes them shrivel up.

you'd like the same thing for political science, (same formal institutions) and then plant that in different social and economic contexts and environments.

We got it in 1970, the italians constructed a new set of regional governments, (seeds identical) with identical formal institutions.
but some regions where highly advanced, others were poorer, less educated, some places deeply communist, some places deeply catholic.

Some parts of italy governed great, others are corrupt, inefficient. What is the secret ingredient that determines what makes the regional government more or less successful?

Maybe riches,education,religion,political affiliation?

They found that the factor that perfectly correlated: the number of singing groups, reading clubs, choral societies, etc.

The best predictor of successful government: social capital (interconnectedness)

Jargon I want to introduce is the jargon of social capital

physical capital- a tool (like a screwdriver)
human capital- training and education
social capital- features of our community, where people were more connected with each other in productive ways

It is that social networks have value to the people in the networks, (you can get a better job if you have good social networks)

Harvard Business School has calculated the dollar value of your address book (social contacts) and it has more influence over your lifetime success than your education.

Social networks also have powerful affects on bystanders. Sociologists have taught us that the best predictor of low crime rates is how many neighbors know each others first name. Lots of social capital in our neighborhood in Lexington. So our house is being protected by all of the social capital, even though I don't participate in the community (i don't go to picnics, and parties).

The reason that social networks have these mysterious advantages, is what tends to evolve is a generalized reciprocity
(I'll do something nice for you, you do something nice for him, and we pass it on)
What comes around goes around

generalized reciprocity:
"If you don't go to someones funeral they won't go to yours"-Yogi Berra

crime rates are lower, economic growth rates higher, lower teenage pregnancy where social capital is high according to the italian case study.etc.

Back to the mystery:
What are the trends in social capital in Provo in the last 30 years? How do we measure it in Provo? How do we measure it in america?

Its possible we can measure trends in membership numbers of organizations, and the market share.
Of all the parents in american, what % belonged to the PTA, or scouting organizations, or AMA. Or middle-aged guys are members of animal clubs (lions club, etc). Formal organizations.

[he shows a graph of american membership rate]

It increased after the depression, it started to decline in 1960s (1965). AMA (American Medical Association) hit its peak in 1958. Optimists peaked at 1980 declined since then.

Every organization in the study has been around 100 years. Cheers - "A place where everybody knows your name".

But there is no way to figure out if people are going on picnics more. Then I discovered more massive data archives (really exciting), chicago marketing company DDB, in 1975 they've been asking people about lifestyles like

How many times did you go to church? (buy more greeting cards hallmark)
How many times did you go to club meeting?
How many times did you go to dinner parties?
How many times did you go on a picnic?
How many times did you [tax evasion]
How many times did you give someone the finger?
How many times did you go to public meetings?
How many times did you attend a club meeting?

1975 americans went on 5 picnics/year
2005 americans went on 2 picnics/year

America is on a national picnic crisis

Church going is similar with a decline in the 60s. We are lying about going to church on sunday more than our parents are.

Entertaining at homes becomes rarer
1975 14 times/year
2005 7-8 times/year

decline in charity (giving away money), decline in trust.

1960s 2/3 americans believe that others can be trusted
2000s 1/3 americans believe that others can be trusted

but why?
-------
urban sprawl
tv (big part of the story)
women going to work (less hours in their day for community and family activity)

TV:
news is good for civic health
but most of the rest of it isn't
"americans watch friends [a tv show] instead of having friends"

A big part of what has happened bad is that we have become more socially isolated.

This is not the first time

100 years ago (1906)
How was social capital doing?
They just went through 30 or 40 years of social capital decline because of immigration, industrial revolution, urbanization
in the past they had done (barn raisings, quilting bees) for social networks

they fixed the problem
they came up with formal organizations (boy scouts, red cross, urban league, rotary club, kiwanis club, lions club)
these were all invented in 1910s

We need to be about the task of connecting that fit the way we live.

2 Different kinds of social capital:
bonding social networks (people just like you)
bridging social networks (people just not like you)

a society with only bonding social capital looks like bosnia, beirut

Bridging social networks are just as important as Bonding social networks.

Birds of a feather flock together. means "Building bridging social capital is harder to build than bonding social capital"

Professors give assignments. I'm a professor. So I'm giving you my toughest assignment:

Over the next 10-20 years do your best to make new forms of social connection to bring us together to help us restore the vision of american democracy.

Sept 25, 2006

OUTLINE

American Heritage 100
English Sources of American Government
Day 1

I. The Enlightenment-Era Shift to Individual Freedom
  A.  Historical Background
    1.  Stuart monarchs:  autocratic view of govt.
      a.  Divine right of kings
    2.  Parliament vs Crown
      a.  Taxation w/o representation
      b.  Religious conflict—fears of Catholicism
    3.  Execution of King,establishment of Commonwealth under 
        Lord Protector (Oliver Cromwell)
    4.  Restoration
    5.  Organization of the Whig party

II.  John Locke’s Second treatise of Govt.:  direct influence 
     on founders
  A.  Problem:  Determine what gives legitimacy to a ruler if 
      Divine Right does not
  B.  Historical Context:
    1. “Popish plot,” 1678
    2. Exclusion Crisis, 1679
    3. James II assumes throne, 1685
    4. The Glorious Revolution, 1688
      a.  Parliamentary supremacy:  the “Declaration of 
          Rights”

LECTURE NOTES

Lockean Liberty: the Enlightenment-era shift to individual freedom

English History:


Charles I wanted to fight a war
Parliament wanted a say, and said he couldn't do it
Charles dismissed parliament

Guy Fawkes - English nursery rhyme
- a catholic, tried to blow up parliament

Charles I, 1649

MEDIA CLIP
-charles stewart (Charles I)
-oliver cromwell decided that charles would have to die
-jan 30 1649, charles
-birth of a republic (kinglesss state)
-pictures of beheaded charles
-"offered justice, and expected obedience"
-last words: "a subject and a king are clean 2 different things"

Oliver Cromwell
-leading general in english civil war
-he could have been the next leader of england
-instead he called himself "lord protector of the liberties of england"

Restoration of the Monarchy (Charles II) 1660,
-(because oliver's son richard was no good)
-parliament invited to rule as king
-opposition party (whig party)

John Locke's mentor- Earl of Shaftsbury started the whig party

Locke's 2nd Treatise of Government
-"what gives a ruler legitimacy?"

MEDIA CLIP: Popish Plot
-Charles suspected of having catholics in govt and making secret treaties with catholics
-plot largely based on rumor,
-charles II doesn't have an heir so his brother (James) would be the next king
-earl of shaftsbury says you can't be king
-then James REALLY DOES become king

John Locke says
-divine right of kings doesn't work, only consent works

MEDIA CLIP: James became king in 1685
-after 3 years, james was going to be a visible catholic king
-at least he had no son, his daughter Mary married William of orange
-then hames had a son

MEDIA CLIP: Prince William invited to invade england
-William needed troops against France
-600 vessels, 20,000 troops
-when james realized he was going to be invaded, he fled so he wouldn't be beheaded
-Parliament read a "Declaration of Rights" gave William conditional leadership
-called the 1688 glorious revolution (largely bloodless)

Small glorious revolutions in colonies like in america

Declaration of Rights
-limit power of king
-king to act like a 'chairman of the board'

Bill of Rights about Human Rights
Declaration of Rights about Parliament's Right

Sept 22, 2006: Lab

ANNOUNCEMENTS (for my section)

Paper #1
Based on form, Tues sep 26, 11am - in the marriott (not a devotional)
and Dallin H Oaks article
required for first paper due Oct 6

2-3 pages in length (under 2, over 3)
typed, double spaced, 12 point font

-Thesis
-Reasoning/evidence/support
-Grammar/style

-due oct6 at beginning of the lab

same day after lab -10
the next day -30
(turn them into the review room if they are late)

NOTES

John Winthrop
-Winthrop
--1st gov of Massachusetts Bay Colony
--1630 on the way to America from England

"A Modell of Christian Charity"-Winthrop
-tries to create a perfect society
-starts with
"...some must be rich, some poor, some high and eminent in power and dignity..."
BUT ... these differences do NOT justify inequality in living conditions!! They exist to develop Christian virtues...

At the time the word 'democracy' was a bad word, because at the time everyone remembered that Athens fell.
Oligarchy is the form of government that Winthrop was in

Winthrop lists different christian virtues
he says wealthy need the poor to be humble
he says a rich-poor hierarchy helps to teach christian virtues

Winthrop has 4 points/purposes for doing this
* Work (page 12)
. "Mutual Consent"
- "To seek out a place of cohabitation under a due form of Government both civil and ecclesiastical"
- Setting up a colony to purify the church is done under mutual consent (the people set up govt because they want to)
- Specifically, they will seek out a place of residence
-- civil - govt organization
-- ecclesiastical - religious organization
- winthrop says people need to be governed by religion and gov't
* "The End"
- "The end is to improve our lives to do more service to the Lord; the comfort and increase of the body of Christ, whereof we are members that ourselves and posterity may be the better preserved from the common corruptions of this evil world, to serve the Lord and work out our Salvation..."
----1 improve our lives
----2 do more service to the Lord
----3 to serve the Lord and work out our Salvation


Covenant (Page 13 2nd and 3rd paragraphs)
What must the Puritans do? What must god do? (circular)

Christian virtues
Meekness, gentleness, patience, honest, faithful
If they dont arrive at the colony, its because they weren't good enough christians

City on a Hill...
-showing the church of england the right way to run a religion
-consequences if they don't become a city on a hill
--enemies of the church will
---1 speak bad against the puritans
---2 speak bad against the church
---3 speak bad against the god

Hingham, MA - Massachusetts
-have an election, elect person as captain: Emes
-the council approves Emes as the captain of Hingham's militia
-Emes does something to offend the people [we don't know] unrelated to his captaincy
-so people hold an election and elect a new captain
-council rejects the new captain
-so towns people get angry
-council invites elections officials people to come to town, but they don't want to come
-council imprisons elections officials
-john winthrop put on trial for imprisoning officials
-winthrop sits down in the defendants seat, and it embarasses the people who put him on trial
-so they acquit him (drop charges?)

Authority
1. Divine Right? Or Consent?
2. Local (town) authority vs. colony (central) authority
-like in USA the federal government vs state gov't

At the time the word 'democracy' was a bad word, because at the time everyone remembered that Athens fell.
Oligarchy is the form of government that Winthrop was in

John winthrop says there are two types of freedom
"On Liberty"...
2 Types of Liberty (last paragraph page 9)
- Natural:
- Liberty to do evil as well as good
- Same for animals as for man
- Civil/Moral Liberty
- Only free to do what is good (christian virtues)
Example (back page)
- wife married to husband, she is bound to live his law
- christ 'married' to church, he is bound to live the churches law


Words:

Congressman
-an elected official with authorities to make laws in the USA

Oligarchy - rule by a few
Monarchy - rule by one
Aristocracy - royal blood lines
ecclesiastical

Sept 20, 2006

OUTLINE

American Heritage 100
Beginning the World Anew
Day 2


I.  Covenant Colonies
 A.  Plymouth
  1.  The Mayflower Compact
  2.  Thanksgiving
 B.  Massachusetts Bay Colony
  1.  The Massachusetts Bay Colony Charter
  2.  Motives for Puritan settlement
 C.  The Covenant
  1.  Civil covenants
  2.  Church covenants

II.  Enduring ideas:  
 A.  God’s Elect
 B.  Christian Calling
 C.  Moral Self-governance

LECTURE NOTES

Intro Music
BYU Choir Thanksgiving songs, The Promised Land

New England...

Plymouth, 1620
-colonized by separatists/pilgrims (break off from the church of england)
Massachusetts Bay, 1630
-colonized by puritans


Puritans
-established a very important document in american history
-example of locke's 2nd treatise of government: Mayflower Compact Nov 11, 1620

Mayflower Compact
-arrive in november to cape code
-it was cold, way too late to plant
-even though they don't agree on everything, they promise submission and obedience to the government
-and excellent example of a government established by consent

Thanksgiving
-Pilgrims were the ones that the story of thanksgiving is based on.
-Least commercialized holiday

MEDIA CLIP:adams family
-puritan - indians in a play
-first thanksgiving
-wednesday adams
-shows the clash between new and old traditions between thanksgiving
-and native american grievances

Beyond plymouth
-Mass Bay
-what they lacked was a legal charter for governmet

Massachusetts Bay Colony Charter
-Plymouth didn't have one
-they probably made the mayflower compact because plymouth didn't have a legal authorization to make govt
-Mass. Bay had the legal document from the King so they started out on firmer ground

Thomas Hooker
-get out of england as fast as you can because God is leaving england

-some people thought that the anglican church had been so corrupted from the catholics that england is going to be destroyed

John Winthrop
-reasons to go to new england
-1-take gospel to indians (like jesuits)
-2-england is going to be destroyed to flee to refuge in new england
-3-others material reasons

Covenant Colonies:
-Form a town charter
--a town got too crowded
--we need land to start a new town
--then they'd form a covenant- we'll look after each other, and form a government
--want communities to be godly christian communities

Ministers:
-Came up from below (regular people became ministers)
-and not commission from some archbishop in england
-they hire a minister (from the ground up)
-called gathered churches
-called the new england way

MEDIA CLIP:
-Don't get cynical and recognize that there are millions who want it to be a city on a hill
-Ronald Regan- saw america as a special place, a beacon of freedom to the world

Christian Calling
-catholics taught being a monk is a pure way to live
-protestants said people don't have to be monks to be pure
-use talents to further the kingdom of god

MEDIA CLIP: Chariots of fire
-I'm going back to china-the missionary school said i was accepted
-I believe god made me fast, and made me for china

Moral Self-Governance
-civil vs Natural Law -John Winthrop
-gain greater freedom through giving up rights

immoral and unjust price fixing

Sept 18, 2006

OUTLINE

American Heritage 100
Beginning the World Anew
Day 1

I.  Founding Events,  Ideas, and Myths
 A.  The role of myth in identity formation
 B.  New World myths
  1. The Garden of Eden
  2.  Utopia

II.  Christopher Columbus the modern cultural icon
  1.  The modern cultural icon
  2.  Columbus the hero
  3.  Columbus the villain
  4.  Reconciling views

II.  American Colonies
 A.  Corporate Colonies
  1.  Example: Virginia
 B.  Covenant Colonies
  1.  Example:  Plymouth and Massachusetts Bay

LECTURE NOTES

Intro Music
-John Lennon: Imagine

Founding events, ideas, and myths

"History remains.. A serious, essentially mythic business of defining group identity,"
-as we tell the stories of our history, they help inform us what are values are as a country and who we are (as a country)

myth: a story that informs identity

new world myths- bizarre ideas of what the new world was like
- garden of eden
- utopia

europe at that time:
-slop buckets
-political and religious violence

Hobbes- Leviathan

Media Clip: new world 1492 unimaginable riches "this is the flagship" (GE Commercial Finance) commercial

Statue of christopher columbus in Genoa, Italy because he was born there
---

Media Clip: Columbus the villian

Discovery- some people find the word offensive ->Shifting terms

90-95% of new world natives (indians) died, [smallpox or others]

"Day of Indian Resistance"
"Day of Concern for Indigenous Peoples"

discussion: does columbus deserve good or bad vibes

American colonies:
corporate vs covenant
virgina | plymouth
| massachusetts Bay

Media Clip: Motivation for establishment of virginia

Jamestown- business venture

we identify with what we want to be (ideal instead of the actual)

house of burgesses-est. 1619 first representative body in american history

Sept 15, 2006: Lab

NOTES

Political Economy

Political Science and economics are interrelated and not separated

Political economy
- we don't have on in the united states

Political economy-
- liberalism
- Plato's republic

circumstances corrupt people
- poverty
- racism

voters in 18th century
- white,male,landowners could vote only
(women,slaves,sharecoppers {people who didn't own their own land} )

dependence
-uneducated

founders tool kit [memorize]
1. structure           - how govt is setup
2. participation       - publics role in govt
3. law                 - rules, doesn't have to be written down
4. custom and tradition
5. moral sense - rightandwrong
6. founding myths
7. leadership

words
precedent

founders tool kit  | ancient examples    | modern examples             
-------------------+---------------------+------------------
1. structure       | monarchy, feudalism | 3 branches,checks 
                                                   & balances
2. participation   | athenian democ      | represent democ              
3. law             | 10 commandments     | rule of law                 
4. custom and trad.| july4th             | precedent                   
5. moral sense     | 10 commandments     | slavery                     
6. founding myths  |divine right of kings| columbus-ledbygod           
7. leadership      | chinese dynasty     | president

Sept 13, 2006

OUTLINE

American Heritage 100
Fall 2006

Power and Freedom, Day 2

1. Ancient Greece
   A. Athenian democracy
   B. The Evils of democracy

2. Characteristics of the Good Society
   A. Prosperity
   B. Widespread political participation
   C. Great creativity
   
3. Establishing political legitimacy
   A. Approval of the Gods ( Divine Right of Kings)
   B. Religious authority (theocracy)
   C. Lineage (aristocracy)
   D. Intelligence of wisdom (meritocracy)
   E. History
   F. Consent (democracy)
      1. Source of legitimacy in Locke & Rousseau models
      
4. Four alternative styles of government
   A. Autocracy
   B. Classical Republicanism
   C. Libertarianism
   D. Liberalism
   
5. The Founder's Tool Kit

LECTURE NOTES

Intro Music
couglias: madison's psydonym

Athenian democracy - true democracy, everyone had a voice
-widespread vote (not female, not slave)

MEDIA CLIP
year 419BC- athenian democracy- facing persian- ostracize- banish the person trying to overthrow the power

Athenian ruler, SOLON
An orderly state is created when the people obey rulers and the rulers obey the laws

Evils of democracy
Factionalism
Corruption
Structural Flaws-> Low participation

*The assembly a noble body in its better days had degenerated into a mob hating all superiority, rejecting all restraint
-Will Durrant, Life of Greece

The Good Society
-prosperity
-widespread political participation
-great creativity
- literature: sophocles
- history: thucydides, herodotus
- philosophy: Socrates, plato
- science: Aristotle
- artchitecture: Phidias the parthenon

The good society
individualism destroys the group, but stimulates personality, mental exploration, and artistic creation

Romulus and Remus:
Founders of rome

MEDIA CLIP: Monty Python and the Quest for the holy Grail
-king/dennis/vote
-how did you become king? i didn't vote for you
-you don't vote for kings

Legitimacy through religious authority
Iran: Ayatollah ruholla knomeini

Legitimacy through lineage (aristocracy)
Tongan King Taufa'ahau Toupou IV
Descended from first ruler of tonga

Legitimacy Through connections to history
american republic

Aztecs Claimed legitimacy as heirs to toltecs(history

Legitimacy through wisdom (meritocracy)
MEDIA CLIP: Simpsons - MENSA

Legitimacy through consent (post-hussein voting in basrah, iraq)

Autocracy
-dictactorships,british tyranny over colonists

Classical Republicanism (see slides)
Libertarianism (see slides)
Liberalism (see slides)

MEDIA CLIP: Is the USA now- The nanny state (too many laws)

Sept 11, 2006

OUTLINE

American Heritage 100
Fall 2006
Power and Freedom, Outline 1

I. The Human Predicament creates an endless cycle of violence
    Competing groups >
    Tyranny >
    Revolution >
    Anarchy >
  A. What is needed: a system to preserve freedom but 
       restrain chaos
    1. Sovereignty

II. John Locke on the Origins of Government
  A. The Second Treatise of Government 
    1. The Social Contract

III. Human Nature
  A. What motivates people?
    1. Virtue
    2. Interest

  B. Evolving views of human nature
    1. Greek virtue
    2. Christian virtue
    3. Interest (Enlightenment)

LECTURE NOTES

MEDIA CLIP
September 11, 2001- Twin Towers

Power and Freedom

The human predicament
-Competition between power and freedom

MEDIA CLIP
War of the Worlds->getting car jacked, crowds


Katrina - abdicating their rights - leaving crappy property

Tyranny-
Hitler/Castro

Definition: ultimate political power, the final say in a jurisdiction

Lord Acton - when people get power they tend to trample on other peoples rights

MEDIA CLIP
Lost - Jack talks to the people 'every man for himself is not going to work'

Locke's 2nd treatise of govt
A State of nature- all men equal, with same rights to life, liberty
B Infringement on rights- voluntary agreement to form govt, a "social contract"
C Govts purpose- protect rights of citizens
D Govt exists by consent of the governed by which it gaims legitimacy
E If goct violates terms of contract (fails to protect people rights) it can be overthrown through revolution

MEDIA CLIP
Lost - (looting from the craft)

Human nature: What motivates us?
Virtue: People are naturally good and will do right, when they know what that is

Interest: People are naturally selfish. They will do what is good for themselves, not for society as a whole

Sept 6, 2006: Intro

INTRO

REQUIRED TEXTBOOKS

Buy these books:
JAMES MADISON & CREATION OF AMERICAN REPUBLIC 3E RAKOVE $15.00 / $20.00
PACKET SYLLABUS & READINGS PULSIPHER $2.10 / $2.75
AMERICA'S FOUNDING HERITAGE FOX / POPE $15.50 / $20.55

First Post

I already announced this in my section, but I'm an international student in AMH 100 and I started this website blog where I could post my notes from lectures and from the friday lab. I take notes on my laptop, so it makes it easy to post, and I'm into blogs.

Suggestions and corrections are welcome, and there is a way for people to post comments without having to log into anything if you want. And if someone has better notes than me I can probably setup an invite, so you could post comments too.

For some international students, english is a second language so I've started to post words that I think may be new at the bottom of each lecture.

Remember, this is not an official website of the class or the department, its just something I'm doing on my own.

Good luck in the class.